Signaling the Unfolded Protein Response in primary brain cancers

Intracellular signaling by the unfolded protein response.

The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an intracellular signaling pathway that is activated by the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). UPR activation triggers an extensive transcriptional response, which adjusts the ER protein folding capacity according to need. As such, the UPR constitutes a paradigm of an intracellular control mechanism that adjusts organelle ...

Heterotrimeric G protein signaling in the Arabidopsis unfolded protein response.

We present evidence that heterotrimeric G protein signaling is involved in cell death associated with the unfolded protein response (UPR) in Arabidopsis. Seedlings of homozygous agb1-2 (Gbeta-null mutation) mutant plants are markedly more resistant to growth inhibition by the protein glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin (Tm) than either wild-type plants or gpa1-4 (Galpha-null mutation) mutants. ...

The Effect of Resistance Training and Berberine Chloride on the Apoptosis-Related Unfolded Protein Response Signaling Pathway in the Hippocampus of Diazinon-Poisoned Rats

Introduction: Diazinon is one of the most widely-used organophosphate pesticides in the world. This toxin enters the body in various ways and induces oxidative stress in various tissues. It has been proved that activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) under oxidative stress is a steady mechanism for maintaining cell function and survival. Therefore, the present study aimed to review the ef...

Signaling the unfolded protein response from the endoplasmic reticulum.

The unfolded protein response

Where does the UPR function? Between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. All secreted proteins and proteins that reside in secretory compartments translocate as nascent peptide chains into the ER, where they may undergo folding, modification and assembly before assuming their functional conformations. The ER maintains a specialized oxidizing environment to aid ch...